Oil-transformer.



H. WEISS.

OIL TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.28,1913.

Patented July 21, 19M

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

WITNESSES;

ATTY

H. WEISS! OIL TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.28,1913.

1,1043%? Patented July 21, 1914;,

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH WEISS, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

OIL-TRANSFORMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 21, 1914.

Application filerlo'ctobel' 28, 1913. Serial N 0. 797,703.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HEINRICH WEISS, electrical engineer, and a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Karl Ludwigstrasse No. 4, Vienna, XVIII, Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Transformers, of which the following is a specification.

Experience has shown that in oil transformers, and in other-electrical apparatus working with oil, the air above the oil has a bad influence upon the quality of the latter and as a consequence a number of experiments to chemically purify the air (above the oil) have been made. It is clear that there can be no bad influence on the part of the air upon the oil, if the oil receptacle does not contain any air. Experience has shown further, that there is a danger of the cooling medium aflecting the oil, and spoiling it, if refrigerating coils are used. I

Bearing these two facts in mind, the object of the present invention is to provide arrangements by means of which not only contact of the air with the oil is prevented, but there is no air at all contained-in the receptacle. In addition to these arrangements provision is made for the expansion of the oil on its becoming warm; and by creating a higher pressurein the oil than in the cooling medium, a mixing of the two is prevented. I

In the drawings are shown, diagrammatically by way of example several methods of carrying out the object of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 show the transformers provided with a weight. Fig. 3 shows a transformer receptacle with a coolingbody accessible from the exterior.

In accordance with the invention, the transformer receptacle 1 is entirely filled with oil so that noair remains in its interior. For the simplest method of execution a receptacle entirely closed and of an appropriate thickness provided with an opening for filling and an outlet for the expansion of the air, both of which are closed as soon as the oil reaches the cut oil valve in the filling tube, would be sufiicient. If provision for the tendency to expand of the oil on becoming warm has to be made, a piston is provided at the side of thereceptacle, which always displaces itself ac- 56 pordin to the volume of the oil.

In the metho shown in Fig. 1 a cylinder 2 with a piston 3 carrying a weight 10 is provided, which piston moves up or down according to whetherthe volume of the oil increases or decreases. In place of the weight, gaspressure, liquid-pressure or spring-pressure can be applied. Further, a number of transformers can have a common cylinderQwhich is in connection with all of them by suitable connections.

"In order to fill the receptacle the piston can be temporarily maintained in a higher position than it would occup when the transformer receptacle is filled in accordance with my invention and on the oil almost reaching the filling opening, the piston 3 is released and by its pressure raises the level of the oil over the cut-off valve of the filling opening 7 which is then closed. lVhen the oil flows through the pipe 8 into the collecting receptacle 9 the cut-off valve of the pipe 8 is also closed and no air remains in the oil receptacle. The pressure of the movable piston is at the same time utilized to create a higher pressure in the oil than inthe cooling medium, which is conveyed through the transformer receptacle by cooling coils 5. The higher pressure of the oil guarantees that the cooling medium will not penetrate through the cooling body and mix with the oil. The pressure of the oil can be read on a pres- .sure gage 6, and if water'is used as the cooling medium, by suitably causing it to gravitate slightly it can be easily ascertained whether the water which flows out visibly contains oil.

In order to prevent the necessity-of having to use heavy weights, a lever connection can be applied: In Fig. 2 is shown for this purpose a segment 12 gearing into the end of the piston rod, pivoting on the fulcrum 13 and having an arm 14, which carries a chain or rope with a weight 16 guided over the curved part 15. The radius of this curve is in proportion to the distance from the pivot 13, so that the pressure remains the same for any position of the iston. Lever 14 can, however, also press directly on the piston rod.

Instead of arranging the cooling body in the interior of the transformer arrangements could be made whereby the wall 16 projects inwardly and forms a receptacle which is accessible from the exterior. This receptacle contains the cooling medium 1'? '(Fig. 2) which can be constantly renewed or cooled, b means of a cooling body 18 (Fig. 3). n this case oil can also be used as a cooling medium.

To insure tightness at the places where the transformer cables enter into the receptacle 1, sockets orsleeves 20 similar to the well known cable sockets and having an attaching flange 19, are used. It will be found advantageous to provide a cut-off valve 21 in the connection pipe between reeeptacles 1 and 2 so that repairs of the receptacle 2 can, in case of use, be carried out, without having to put the Whole apparatus out of use.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new is:

1. In an oil transformer, a closed receptacle containing a transformer, an expanding chamber, a passage connecting the bottom. of said receptacle with the bottom of said ex panding chamber establishing communication between the two, said receptacle adapted to be completely filled withoil, thereby excluding all air, said oil also filling said passage and said expanding chamber, a movable piston in said expanding chamber adapted to completely cut oil the expanding oil from the outside air, substantially as described.

2. In an oil transformer a closed rece tacle containing a transformer, an expan ing chamber in communication with said receptacle, oil adapted to so completely fill said receptacle and said chamber as to exclude any air, means for cooling said oil in said receptacle and amovable piston'in said expanding chamber adapted to cut oil the ex panding oil from the outside airand main tain oil at a higher pressure than the cooling means, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH WEISS.

Witnesses:

, RICHARD KOMINIKY,

AUGUST FUGGER. 

